Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease, Enhanced Edition, 14th Edition
- Length: 694 pages
- Edition: 14
- Language: English
- Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
- Publication Date: 2020-08-17
- ISBN-10: 1284217965
- ISBN-13: 9781284217964
- Sales Rank: #288776 (See Top 100 Books)
Memmler’s The Human Body in Health and Disease, Fourteenth Edition is a textbook for introductory-level allied health and nursing students who need a basic understanding of anatomy and physiology, the interrelationships between structure and function, and the effects of disease on body systems. The features and content specifically meet the needs of those who may be starting their health career preparation with little or no science background. The Fourteenth Edition has been revised and updated where needed to improve organization of the material and to reflect current scientific thought.
Cover
Key Idea Table
Title Page
Copyright Page
Reviewers
Preface
User’s Guide
Acknowledgments
Brief Contents
Contents
The Body Visible
1 Organization of the Human Body
Studies of the Human Body
Structure and Function
Levels of Organization
Body Systems
The Effects of Aging
Homeostasis
Negative Feedback
Barriers
Gradients and Resistance
Body Directions
Directional Terms
Planes of Division
Body Cavities
Dorsal Cavity
Ventral Cavity
Divisions of the Abdomen
The Language of Healthcare
2 Chemistry, Matter, and Life
Elements
Atomic Structure
Chemical Bonds
Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Molecules and Compounds
Chemical Equations
Mixtures
Solutions and Suspensions
The Importance of Water
Acids, Bases, and Salts
The pH Scale
Buffers
Isotopes and Radioactivity
Organic Compounds
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleotides
Metabolism
Energy
3 Cells and Their Functions
Microscopes
Cell Structure
Plasma Membrane
The Nucleus
The Cytoplasm
Surface Organelles
Cellular Diversity
Movement of Substances across the Plasma Membrane
Movement That Does Not Require Chemical Energy
Movement That Requires Chemical Energy
Protein Synthesis
Structure of DNA and RNA
DNA and Protein Synthesis
Role of RNA in Protein Synthesis
Cell Division
Preparation for Mitosis
Stages of Mitosis
Cell Aging
Cells and Cancer
4 Tissues, Glands, and Membranes
Tissue Origins
Epithelial Tissue
Structure of Epithelial Tissue
Glands
Connective Tissue
Loose Connective Tissue
Dense Connective Tissue
Cartilage
Bone
Muscle Tissue
Nervous Tissue
The Neuron
Neuroglia
Membranes
Epithelial Membranes
Connective Tissue Membranes
Membranes and Disease
Benign and Malignant Tumors
Benign Tumors
Malignant Tumors
Signs of Cancer
Cancer Diagnosis
Treatment of Cancer
Tissues and Aging
5 Disease and Disease-Producing Organisms
Studies of Disease
Disease Categories
Causes of Disease
Epidemiology
Disease Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Diagnosis
Treatment
Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Disease Prevention
Infectious Disease
Modes of Transmission
Portals of Entry and Exit
Microbiology—The Study of Microorganisms
The Microbiome
Bacteria
Viruses
Infectious Proteins
Fungi
Protozoa
Parasitic Animals
Parasitic Worms
Parasitic Arthropods
Correlation and Causation
Microbial Control
Microbes and Public Health
Aseptic Methods
Infection Control Techniques
Antimicrobial Agents
Laboratory Identification of Pathogens
Bacterial Isolations and Tests
Staining Techniques
Other Methods of Bacterial Identification
Molecular Methods of Microbe Identification
6 The Integumentary System
Structure of the Skin
Epidermis
Dermis
Adaptation
Subcutaneous Layer
Accessory Structures of the Skin
Sebaceous (Oil) Glands
Sweat Glands
Hair
Nails
Functions of the Integumentary System
Protection Against Infection
Protection Against Dehydration
Regulation of Body Temperature
Collection of Sensory Information
Other Activities of the Integumentary System
Observation of the Skin
Color
Repair of the Integument
Wound Care
Factors That Affect Healing
Effects of Aging on the Integumentary System
Disorders of the Integumentary System
Lesions
Burns
Skin Cancer
Skin Infections
Inflammatory Disorders Affecting the Skin
Disorders of the Accessory Organs
7 The Skeletal System: Bones and Joints
Bones
Bone Structure
Bone Growth, Maintenance, and Repair
Bone Markings
Bones of the Axial Skeleton
Framework of the Skull
Framework of the Trunk
Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton
The Upper Division of the Appendicular Skeleton
The Lower Division of the Appendicular Skeleton
Disorders of Bone
Metabolic Disorders
Tumors
Infection
Structural Disorders
Fractures
The Joints
More About Synovial Joints
Disorders of Joints
Joint Repair
Effects of Aging on the Skeletal System
8 The Muscular System
Muscle Tissue
Smooth Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Skeletal Muscle
The Muscular System
Muscle Structure
Communication
Muscle Cells in Action
Energy Sources
Effects of Exercise
Types of Muscle Contractions
The Mechanics of Muscle Movement
Muscles Work Together
Levers and Body Mechanics
Skeletal Muscle Groups
Muscles of the Head
Muscles of the Neck
Muscles of the Upper Extremities
Muscles of the Trunk
Muscles of the Lower Extremities
Effects of Aging on Muscles
Muscular Disorders
Muscle Injuries
Muscle Diseases
Disorders of Associated Structures
9 The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Overview of the Nervous System
Divisions of the Nervous System
Neurons and Their Functions
Structure of a Neuron
Types of Neurons
Nerves and Tracts
Neuroglia
The Nervous System at Work
The Nerve Impulse
The Synapse
The Spinal Cord
Structure of the Spinal Cord
The Spinal Nerves
Branches of the Spinal Nerves
Dermatomes
Reflexes
The Reflex Arc
Reflex Activities
The Autonomic Nervous System
Functions of the Autonomic Nervous System
Structure of the Autonomic Nervous System
Clinical Aspects of the Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
Medical Procedures Involving the Spinal Cord
Disorders Affecting the Spinal Cord
Disorders of the Spinal Nerves
10 The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves
Overview of the Brain
Divisions of the Brain
Protective Structures of the Brain and Spinal Cord
The Cerebrum
Divisions of the Cerebral Hemispheres
Functions of the Cerebral Cortex
Memory
The Diencephalon
The Brain Stem
The Midbrain
The Pons
The Medulla Oblongata
The Cerebellum
Widespread Neuronal Networks
The Limbic System
Basal Nuclei
Reticular Formation
Brain Studies
Disorders of the Brain and Associated Structures
Seizures and Epilepsies
Inflammation
Hydrocephalus
Stroke
Tumors
Head Injury
Degenerative Diseases
Cranial Nerves
Names and Functions of the Cranial Nerves
Disorders Involving the Cranial Nerves
Effects of Aging on the Nervous System
11 The Sensory System
The Senses
Sensory Receptors
Special and General Senses
Sensory Adaptation
The Eye and Vision
Protective Structures of the Eye
The Extrinsic Eye Muscles
Nerve Supply to the Eye
Structure of the Eyeball
Pathway of Light Rays and Refraction
Function of the Retina
The Visual Process
Disorders of the Eye and Vision
The Ear
The Outer Ear
The Middle Ear and Ossicles
The Inner Ear
Hearing
Equilibrium
Disorders of the Ear
Other Special Sense Organs
Sense of Taste
Sense of Smell
The General Senses
Sense of Touch
Sense of Pressure
Sense of Temperature
Sense of Position
Sense of Pain
12 The Endocrine System: Glands and Hormones
Hormones
Hormone Chemistry
Hormone Regulation
The Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones
The Pituitary
The Thyroid Gland
The Parathyroid Glands
The Adrenal Glands
The Endocrine Pancreas
The Sex Glands
The Pineal Gland
Other Hormone Sources
Prostaglandins
Hormones and Treatment
Hormones and Stress
Effects of Aging on the Endocrine System
13 The Blood
Blood Functions
Blood Constituents
Blood Plasma
The Formed Elements
Hemostasis
Blood Types
The ABO Blood Type System
The Rh Factor
Uses of Blood and Blood Components
Whole Blood Transfusions
Use of Blood Components
Blood Disorders
Leukemia
Clotting Disorders
Blood Studies
The Hematocrit
Hemoglobin Tests
Blood Cell Counts
The Blood Smear (Slide)
Blood Chemistry Tests
Coagulation Studies
Bone Marrow Biopsy
14 The Heart and Heart Disease
Heart Structure
Tissue Layers of the Heart Wall
The Pericardium
Special Features of the Myocardium
Heart Divisions
Blood Supply to the Myocardium
Heart Function
The Heart’s Conduction System
Cardiac Output
Normal and Abnormal Heart Sounds
Heart Studies
Heart Disease
Heart Inflammation
Heart Rhythm Abnormalities
Congenital Heart Disease
Valve Disorders
Coronary Artery Disease
Heart Failure
Heart Disease Treatment
Medications
Pacemakers
Heart Surgery
Effects of Aging on the Heart
15 Blood Vessels and Blood Circulation
Blood Vessels
Blood Circuits
Vessel Structure
Systemic Arteries
The Aorta and Its Parts
The Iliac Arteries and Their Subdivisions
Arteries That Branch to the Arm and Head
Anastomoses
Systemic Veins
The Venae Cavae and Their Tributaries
Venous Sinuses
The Hepatic Portal System
Circulation Physiology
Capillary Exchange
Blood Flow Dynamics
Blood Pressure
Vascular Disorders
Arterial Degeneration
Aneurysm
Hemorrhage
Shock
Thrombosis
Varicose Veins
16 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Tissue
Functions of the Lymphatic System
Lymphatic Circulation
Lymphatic Capillaries
Lymphatic Vessels
Lymph Movement
Lymphoid Tissue
Lymph Nodes
The Spleen
The Thymus
Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
Tonsils
Lymphatic System Disorders
Disorders Related to Infection
Lymphedema
Splenomegaly
Lymphoma
17 Immunity
Why Do Infections Occur?
Innate Immunity
The First Line of Defense: Innate Barriers
The Second Line of Defense: Innate Cells and Chemicals
Adaptive Immunity: The Final Line of Defense
Antigens
T Cells
B Cells and Antibodies
Types of Adaptive Immunity
Vaccines
Antiserum
Immune Disorders
Allergy
Autoimmunity
Immune Deficiency Diseases
Multiple Myeloma
The Immune System and Cancer
Transplantation and Rejection Syndrome
18 The Respiratory System
Phases of Respiration
Structure of the Respiratory System
The Nasal Cavities
The Pharynx
The Larynx
The Trachea
The Bronchi
The Lining of the Air Passageways
The Lungs
The Process of Respiration
Pulmonary Ventilation
Gas Exchange
Oxygen Transport
Carbon Dioxide Transport
Regulation of Ventilation
Breathing Patterns
Abnormal Ventilation
Respiratory Disorders
Disorders of the Nasal Cavities and Related Structures
Infection
Allergic Rhinitis
Asthma
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Surfactant Deficiency Disorder
Cancer
Disorders Involving the Pleura
Effects of Aging on the Respiratory Tract
Respiratory Treatment
19 The Digestive System
Overview of the Digestive System
The Peritoneum
The Wall of the Digestive Tract
Digestive Tract Organs
The Mouth
The Teeth
The Pharynx
The Esophagus
The Stomach
The Small Intestine
The Large Intestine
The Accessory Organs
The Salivary Glands
The Liver
The Gallbladder
The Pancreas
Nutrient Digestion and Absorption
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
The Role of Water in Digestion
Control of Digestion
The Enteric Nervous System
Pathways Controlling Digestion
Control of Hunger and Appetite
Short-Term Regulation of Hunger
Long-Term Regulation of Body Weight
Disorders of the Digestive System
Peritonitis
Diseases of the Mouth and Teeth
Disorders of the Esophagus and Stomach
Intestinal Disorders
Cirrhosis and Other Liver Diseases
Gallstones
Pancreatic Disorders
Effects of Aging on the Digestive System
20 Metabolism, Nutrition, and Body Temperature
Metabolism
Cellular Respiration
Metabolic Rate
Nutrient Metabolism
Nutritional Guidelines
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Minerals and Vitamins
USDA Dietary Guidelines
Alcohol
Nutritional Disorders
Food Allergies
Malnutrition
Weight Control
Nutrition and Aging
Body Temperature
Heat Loss
Heat Gain
Temperature Regulation
Fever
Heat-Associated Disorders
Cold-Associated Disorders
21 The Urinary System
Systems Involved in Excretion
The Kidneys
Kidney Activities
Kidney Structure
Urine Formation
Elimination of Urine
The Ureters
The Urinary Bladder
The Urethra
Urination
Urine
Urinary System Disorders
Obstructions and Structural Disorders
Inflammatory Disorders
Neoplasms
Polycystic Kidney Disease
Renal Failure
Urinary Incontinence
The Effects of Aging on the Urinary System
22 Body Fluids
Body Fluids
Fluid Compartments
Water and Its Functions
Electrolytes and Their Functions
Regulation of Body Fluids
Water Gain and Loss
Thirst and Drinking
Control of Fluid Balance
Acid–Base Balance
Regulation of pH
Abnormal pH
Disorders of Body Fluids
Fluid Therapy
23 The Male and Female Reproductive Systems
The Male Reproductive System
Accessory Organs
Semen
The Urethra and Penis
The Testes
Hormonal Control of Male Reproduction
Testosterone
The Effects of Aging on Male Reproduction
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
Structural Disorders
Infections
Cancer
The Female Reproductive System
Accessory Organs
The Ovaries and Ova
The Female Reproductive Cycle
Preovulatory Phase
Ovulation and the Postovulatory Phase
Menstruation
Menopause
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System
Menstrual Disorders
Benign and Malignant Tumors
Infections
Birth Control
Infertility
24 Development and Birth
Pregnancy
Fertilization and the Start of Pregnancy
The Placenta
Hormones and Pregnancy
Development of the Embryo
Development of the Fetus
The Mother
The Use of Ultrasound in Obstetrics
Childbirth
Positive Feedback and Oxytocin
The Three Stages of Labor
Cesarean Section
Multiple Births
Pregnancy Outcomes
The Mammary Glands and Lactation
Disorders of Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Lactation
Pregnancy-Related Disorders
Postpartum Disorders
Disorders of the Breast and Lactation
25 Heredity and Hereditary Diseases
Genes and Chromosomes
Dominant and Recessive Alleles
Distribution of Chromosomes to Offspring
Punnett Squares
Sex Determination
Sex-Linked Traits
Hereditary Traits
Gene Expression
Genetic Mutation
Mutations and Phenotypes
Mitochondrial Inheritance
Genetic Diseases
Congenital Versus Hereditary Diseases
Causes of Congenital Disorders
Examples of Genetic Diseases
Treatment and Prevention of Genetic Diseases
Genetic Counseling
Progress in Medical Treatment
Glossary
Glossary of Word Parts
Appendices
Appendix 1 Periodic Table of the Elements
Appendix 2 Tests
Table 1, Routine Urinalysis
Table 2, Complete Blood Count
Table 3, Blood Chemistry Tests
Appendix 3 Diseases
Table 1, Bacterial Diseases
Table 2, Viral Diseases
Table 3, Prion Diseases
Table 4, Fungal Diseases
Table 5, Protozoal Diseases
Appendix 4 Answers to Chapter Checkpoint, Casepoint, and Zooming In Questions
Appendix 5 Dissection Atlas
Figure Credits
Index of Boxes
Index
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