Kubernetes for Jobseekers: DevOps and Kubernetes interview questions and answers for freshers and experienced professionals

Length: 242 pages
Edition: 1
Language: English
Publisher: BPB Publications
Publication Date: 2023-02-16
ISBN-10: 9355513518
ISBN-13: 9789355513519
Sales Rank: #2358365 (See Top 100 Books)

Get Tips to Answer the Most Frequently Asked Kubernetes Interview Questions to Ace Your Interview

Key Features

Gain hands-on experience working with both basic and advanced concepts of Kubernetes, the industry-leading container orchestration system, to proficiently deploy and manage your containers.
Demystifies the complexities of Kubernetes making it accessible to anyone who is interested in IT.
Learn how to handle challenges and overcome them while implementing Kubernetes.

Description

Looking to land a job as a Kubernetes administrator, developer, or maintainer? Our book has got you covered! With clear explanations and practical examples, you’ll learn everything you need to know about Kubernetes and ace your interview with confidence. Kubernetes has become the de facto for container orchestration. The explosion in the use of Kubernetes has created a massive demand for Kubernetes administrators, developers, and maintainers. The purpose of this book is to explain the concepts of Kubernetes along with practical examples so that a job seeker can answer interview questions about Kubernetes with confidence.

The book starts with the importance of DevOps culture and showing you with examples of how you can incorporate it at the work. Next we cover all the essential Kubernetes components, including Pods, ReplicaSets, Deployments, Services, Ingress Controllers, and PersistentVolumes. The book then deep dives into Docker containers and explains how Kubernetes orchestration helps to scale your containers. It explores multiple ways of launching your Kubernetes cluster and deploying Kubernetes services. Towards the end, the book will help you to review Kubernetes’ capabilities and implementation differences in public cloud platforms such as Azure, AWS, and GCP. Plus, we’ll show you the best tips and tools for optimizing performance. And, finally, you’ll discover various tools for managing apps at scale.

By the end of the book, you will be able to answer the most commonly asked questions in a Kubernetes interview.

What you will learn

Work with Kubernetes services in networking, storage, application /node management, and GitOps.
Explore tools for monitoring and tuning Kubernetes performance.
Learn how to diagnose and troubleshoot issues in Pods, Services, and Ingress.
Use tools to create multi-environment Kubernetes deployments.
Work with various Kubernetes tools, extensions, and plug-ins.

Who this book is for

Anyone who wants to be a DevOps/SRE/Kubernetes engineer should buy this book. It is also for professionals who wish to gain a deeper understanding of how Kubernetes works.

Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
About the Author
About the Reviewer
Acknowledgement
Preface
Errata
Table of Contents
1. Kubernetes/SRE/DevOps Career Map
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Career paths in Kubernetes
        Individual contributor (IC) path
        Management path
    Choosing the right career path for you
    Kubernetes’ inclusive community
        Women/PoC in DevOps/SRE
        Inclusiveness in the Kubernetes community
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
2. Kubernetes Adoption in the Industry
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Hybrid-cloud
    Kubernetes ecosystem challenges
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
3. Introduction to DevOps/SRE Culture
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    DevOps/SRE culture
    Key elements of DevOps/SRE culture
    What does DevOps culture mean to you?
    Key elements for culture fit
        Learning
        Continuous improvement
        Collaborations
        Intelligent risks
        Relentless focus on customer
    Conclusion
        Demonstration
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
4. Operating System Fundamentals
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Key components of a computer
    Basic components of a computer
        Introducing Profesora
        Storage
        Workspace
        Process
    Computer architecture
    Try it!
    Need for an operating system
    Operating system concepts
    Network
        Exercise on networking
    Applicability to kubernetes
    Conclusion
    Next steps
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
5. Containers/Docker
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Processes and their relevance to containers
    Cgroups
    Introduction to containers
    Container registry
    Container networking
    Container storage
    Running a container
    Runtime configuration of a running container
        ENV variables
    Building your own container image
        Why do we need layers?
        Corollary
        Why is this information important for Kubernetes?
        Multi-stage builds
    Container images versus running container instances
    Stopping and removing running containers
    Container image management
    Push container
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
6. Kubernetes Basics
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Need for container orchestration
    Mesos, Docker Swarm, and Kubernetes
    Kubernetes primitives
        Pods
            Declarative specification
            Pod specification
            Try it
        Replica sets
        Deployments
            Rollout strategy
            Version deduction
        DaemonSets
        Services
        Ingress controllers
            Try it
            Health checks using liveness, startup, and readiness probes
            Try it
            Physical volumes
        Persistent volume claims (PVC)
            Try it
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
7. Kubernetes Deployment
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Consumer expectations
        Cost of doing business
        Calculating the availability, you need
    Kubernetes and deployments
        Blue-green deployment
            Try it
        Canary deployment
            Try it
            Comparison of canary and blue-green deployment
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
8. Kubernetes Services
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Network plugins
        Container network interface (CNI)
    Networking policy
        Try it
    Storage
        Main limitations of block devices
        Advantages of attachment
    Network-attached storage
        Main limitations of NAS
    Object storage
    Physical volume claims
    Node management
        Try it
    Configuration maps and SShh… secrets
    Gitops
        Try it
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
9. Section Summary and Interview Questions and Answers
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Section summary
    Operating system fundamentals
        Containers/docker
        Kubernetes basics and primitives
        Deployments using Kubernetes
        Kubernetes services/features
        GitOps
    Interview questions and answers
10. Kubernetes on Various Platforms
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Windows support
    Azure—Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS)
        Try it
    AWS—Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS)
        Try it
    GCP—Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE)
        Try it
    Raspberry PI cluster—for fun and profit
        Raspberry PI
        Running Kubernetes on Raspberry PI
        Try it
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
11. Kubernetes Performance Optimizations
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Computer performance
    Utilization Saturation and Errors (USE) methodology by Brendan Gregg
    Kubernetes-specific performance tools
        kubectl top command
        Kubernetes dashboard
    Top 10 performance optimizations
        Symptom #1
            Optimization #1
        Symptom #2
            Optimization #2:
            Optimization #3:
            Optimization #4:
            Optimization #5:
        Symptom #3
            Optimization #6:
            Optimization #7:
            Optimization #8:
        Symptom #4
            Optimization #9:
        Symptom #5
            Optimization #10:
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
12. Kubernetes Troubleshooting Tips
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Kubernetes troubleshooting mental model
        YAML problems
        Troubleshooting pods
            Get pod information
            Get Pod definition
            Double-check by using events
            Logs, logs, logs
            Pod configuration
            Storage configuration
            Verify using exec into the Pod
            Flow chart summary
            Pod troubleshooting conclusion
        Troubleshooting services
            Get service information
            Get the service definition
            Make sure the labels match
            Make sure that the container port and the target port match
        Troubleshooting Ingress
            Get Ingress information
            Get Ingress definition
            Confirm that the endpoints are working
            Get the Ingress Pod
            Get the Ingress logs
            Troubleshooting flow chart
            DNS issues
            Worst case scenario
        Flow chart
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
13. Kubernetes Tools and Extensions
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Helm
        Need for Helm
        Helm repo
            Sample deployment: Install WordPress
    Kustomize
    Helm or Kustomize?
    Tools for tools
        Helmsman
        Helmfile
        K9s
        Awesome Kubernetes
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
14. Kubernetes Plugins
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Non-goals
    Plugins
    Service mesh
        Why do you need a service mesh?
    Istio
        Honorable mentions
    Network plugins
        Cilium eBPF-based network plugin
            Example usage
    Storage plugins
    Security plugins
    Authorization plugins
        Open Policy Agent (OPA)
        Gatekeeper
    Custom operators
    VM management from Kubernetes using KubeVirt
    AWS Fargate
    Conclusion
    Points to remember
    Interview questions and answers
15. Kubernetes Questions
    Introduction
    Structure
    Objectives
    Interview questions and answers
    Conclusion
Index